Air, particularly in the form of wind, can spook even a savvy horse more than any other element. The wind provides protection to the wild horse, carrying smells of danger, and giving it time to escape to safety. The white buffalo also depends on this same protective power which the air provides. In the world of the Plains Indians, the white buffalo was revered and especially sacred. Deemed the most acceptable gift that could be obtained to offer to the Great Spirit, this rarest specimen of all buffalo, when encountered, was always killed for sacrifice. Ceremony and ritual accompanied the taking of a white buffalo. Although different tribes used the skin in various ways, all of them prized the white buffalo for its powerful spirituality. Today, when a white buffalo calf is born, it is visited by Native Americans and acknowledged as a symbol of the return to the old ways. It is a sign of answered prayers and that people are coming back to religion and spirituality.
Truly a family unit, a wolf pack is almost always composed of an alpha male, his alpha female mate and their offspring. During mating season, both the alpha male and female will fight to prevent others from breeding with their partner. Their monogamous relationship prevails until death, illness or injury prevents them from mating, or until one is ostracized from the pack. Courtship between the pair is playful, affectionate and devoted. After the annual mating, the alpha female will select a suitable site for her den near water, which the nursing mother will need. She prefers a wooded area to aid concealment, and the same location may be used throughout her breeding life, and perhaps, by successive alpha females within the same pack. Preparations on the den begin about six weeks after conception, three weeks before her pups are born. And so, the cycle of life endures, through the alliance, friendship, bond and cooperation of The Alphas.
American Horse, Oglala Sioux chief, is a study of adaptability. Although born on the Northern Plains, he became an American citizen when he was 67 years old. He fought brave battles for his people, but when he was 27 years old, lead the battle for his people in peace. He had five wives, including the daughter of war chief Red Cloud, but when only one living wife remained, joined the Episcopal church. He rode beside great chiefs in battle, including Red Cloud and He Dog, then rode briefly in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show. He fought against the invaders of his land, then traveled to Washington, rode down Pennsylvania Avenue and took part in treaty delegations. He lived free on the land he loved, then spent half his life on the Pine Ridge Reservation.
"As I was researching American Horse, I found, once again, how easy it is for me to embrace the nobility, love of land and the rights of people, peace and loyalty of the Native American spirit. I see the same qualities in those who have chosen to serve today and feel that they, too, are our leaders for tomorrow."
“Some years ago,” said artist Judy Larson,® “I hiked alone for several days with my two dogs in the White Mountains of Arizona, home to the White Mountain Apache Tribe. The scenery was nothing short of breathtaking and I watched eagerly for wildlife. I knew that black bear, bobcats, deer, elk, coyotes, foxes, skunks and other animals were native to this area, but there were no signs of any of them. I was stunned that not once in two days did I hear a single bird, see one animal track or catch sight of even a small rodent. The wilderness was eerily silent. "The forest trees seemed to be saying to me, “We are the only ones left to testify as to what once was, but no longer is.” So, I imagined that a number of animals were present around me, hidden just out of sight: a mountain lion, an eagle, a fox, and a wolf. And, in my mind’s eye, I saw a young grizzly padding his way softly through the first light snow of fall (the last grizzly was killed in Arizona in 1939)."
The pairing of an alpha male and alpha female represent a wolf pack’s genesis, but it truly becomes a pack as the offspring arrive and grow. Judy Larson first introduced us to the Elsinore Clan in 2007 with The Alphas. Nearly two years later we meet the next generation with Brothers and Sisters. The core population of most packs is comprised of the alphas’ offspring. This bond of blood is one the prime sources of the affection and mutual aid upon which these groups are so dependent. From birth, these brothers and sisters will compete for social standing with in the clan and assume roles and responsibilities uniquely theirs. The disappearance of a wolf from a pack such as Elsinore will leave a hole not easily and quickly filled. Such is the case here with Brothers and Sisters. We can immediately see three of the Elsinore Clan offspring lurking among the aspens. Close examination will reveal Judy has concealed a fourth, though this member of the pack remains only in spirit. She is no longer with the pack, but the memory of her place and role within it still lingers. Judy Larson stands alone in skill and storytelling mastery of her chosen medium: scratchboard. No medium demands more planning and precision in execution, yet her subjects are alive with a freedom of form that redefines those limitations. That skill combined with a passion for the wilderness and all things wild makes owning a Larson an essential part of any art collection.
“Native American legends have always intrigued me,” says Judy Larson, “especially those involving talking animals. So it was difficult not to be enthralled by one such story, a Cheyenne legend in which an eagle is trapped in a dead elk’s antlers. After asking for help from a warrior who is out hunting, he is set free. The eagle is so grateful that his life has been saved that before flying away, he tells the man to go to the other side of a hill and to look below. There the warrior sees his reward, a beautiful stallion covered with black and white spots exactly like an eagle’s feathers.” Spotted eagle feathers, highly prized by Native Americans, come only from the tail section of immature golden eagles. In Eagle’s Gift, Judy has replicated the eagle feather pattern on the horse’s coat and has hidden therein an eagle or two.
“Out of the millions of horses that have shared our country's history, only a few have distinguished themselves enough for their names to be remembered. Among these select few is Ebenezer, Chief Joseph's renowned Appaloosa racehorse. Red roan in color, with large blood-red spots on his white rump, he was not the prettiest horse in the herd, but he could run like the wind. So famous was he that newspapers in Walla Walla and Lewiston, Washington recorded each time Chief Joseph rode him into town. Everyone with a good, fast horse of his own, whether frontiersman or Native American, dreamed of the day when his horse would beat Chief Joseph's Ebenezer. But, alas! Ebenezer won all his races well out in front of the best horses in the region. The black horse portrayed in Ebenezer and the War Horse honors another of Chief Joseph's horses. Although his name has not survived through time, he was special, as well, for he was the horse that Chief Joseph chose to ride to surrender.”
Artist Judy Larson’s newest fine art edition revisits one of her cherished inspirations, Native American storytelling and legend. Like her previous release Crow Tipi, The Elk Dog Tipi is from a Blackfoot story, this time the legend of how horses came to be known to man. It was a powerful legend since acquiring horses drastically altered the Native American way of life. Water Spirit's Gift of Horses A poor, orphan boy, trying to find his way in the world, embarked on a vision journey. Traveling far from his tribe without success, the boy sat down to weep beside a large lake. Hearing the boy in his distress, a powerful Water Spirit, who lived in the lake, sent his young son to tell the boy that he wished to see him. Water Spirit's son cautioned the boy to close his eyes, hold on to his shoulders, and not to look as they started into the water. As they progressed deeper and deeper into the lake, Water Spirit's son told the boy that his father would offer him his choice of all the animals that lived in the lake. "Be sure to choose the oldest mallard of the ducks and all its young ones," instructed Water Spirit's son. At last the son and the boy reached the underwater lodge of the Water Spirit, and the boy was told to open his eyes. The Water Spirit, an old man with long white hair, welcomed the boy and asked him why he was so sad. As the boy explained his plight, Water Spirit offered his help, telling the boy that all the animals in the lake were his to give, and the boy should choose which one he wanted. Remembering the son's advice, the boy asked for the old mallard, but the Water Spirit just shook his head and said, "Don't take that one, for it is old and of no value." Nevertheless, four times the boy insisted, and at last, the Water Spirit smiled and told the young boy that he had chosen wisely. The son then took the boy to the edge of the lake, and after night fell, the son caught the old mallard with a rope that he had braided from marsh grass. Placing the rope in the boy's hand, the son instructed the boy to walk on, but not to look back until sunrise. As the boy traveled toward his camp in the darkness, he heard the flapping of the duck's wings behind him, but he did not look back. As he continued on, the flapping changed into heavy feet pounding on the ground, and the braided marsh grass rope began to turn into a rawhide rope. At sunrise, the boy looked back and beheld a large animal at the end of his rope, a horse. He mounted the horse, using the rope as a bridle. Many other horses joined his horse, and as the boy came into camp, the people were afraid, for they had never seen horses before. The boy dismounted, calmed his people's fears, and gave everyone horses and kept many for himself. The boy gave the horse its Blackfoot name of elk dog, for it was large like an elk, but could serve the people, like a dog. He taught the people how to break and ride the horses, how to use them for packing, how to hunt buffalo from their backs, how to make bridles, hackamores and saddles, and how to use the horses to cross streams. When the boy grew older, the people made him a chief and honored him all of his days, for he was wise and generous.
To live in harmony with the forces of nature is the essence of being wild. The untamed mustang embodies unbound freedom honed by the raucous ebb and flow of Mother Nature. Instincts, unfettered by the influence of man and acquired over generations, guide, like guardian spirits, the horses co-existence with the elements. This mustang, bathed in amber by the light of an encroaching prairie fire, makes for safety just beyond the edges of the temporary destructions. Soon, renewal will spring from the ashes, but there is something more to these forces of nature.
“Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness” as “inalienable rights” is a concept that could only be born in a place where the land was abundant and its bounty teeming. Nothing is more American than wild horses ranging the West and wolf packs prowling the forested wilderness. Yet, these symbols of all that is wild and free are not only as threatened today as they have ever been, but are being rounded up and disposed of in a fashion they have never before had to fear: from the air. In Judy Larson’s Flight, a herd of wild horses races away from the droning aircraft circling above. This method of rounding-up mustangs such as these is part of the program to further cull the 33,000 horses still living in the wild in 10 Western states. Another 30,000 are already in captivity. The Bureau of Land Management wants to cut this total number of horses by half! Judy has hidden within this herd another who has even more to fear from above, an Alaskan wild wolf. Exploiting a loophole for “predator control” in the Federal Airborne Hunting Act of 1972, Alaskan hunters have found a way around the Congressionally-banned practice of hunting animals like the wolf from the air. Many hunters consider the practice, at a minimum, unsportsmanlike, since it violates the "fair chase" ethic of hunting. More significantly, they consider it inhumane since airborne gunmen rarely get a clean (i.e., relatively painless) kill.
“I was thinking in terms of ‘I'm golden’ when I named this piece,” begins Judy Larson. “By 'Golden' I mean that the horse is thinking ‘All is right with me and the world. The sun is shining, there's food to eat, freedom to relish, friendship and companionship within the herd and a sense of well-being and joy.’ The horse has become, in my mind's eye, a wild horse, probably in the high meadows as the snow melts and as new grass springs forth. He's golden . . . .” What could be a more wonderful reason to paint a painting? "Golden" is a 10" x 5 ½" SmallWorks™ Fine Art Giclèe canvas mounted on archival Clayboard. Judy’s last SmallWorks™, "Fearless," is already Sold Out at Publisher. So don’t wait too long to embrace this Golden moment, it could be fleeting.
He Dog. Childhood friend of Crazy Horse, witness to his murder.
Born in the same year, in the same season, He Dog and Crazy Horse grew up together in the same Ogala band, played together, courted girls together, fought together. Distinguishing themselves in both war and peace, they were made chiefs, “shirt weavers” and hence bearers of the Crow Owner’s Society. He Dog, at age 92 in 1930, gave his personal account of the killing of Crazy Horse by a soldier at Fort Robinson in 1877. He Dog was at his side, a friend to the last. The magnificent stallion featured in He Dog pays homage not only to the “sacred dog,” the horse, of the Plains Indians, but also to the noble life of a great Dakota.
"... the word reveals several meanings," Larson tells us. Concealed in the female wolf's coat (left of her shoulder), you'll find the face of a Native American woman; on the male wolf's neck, a man. the flank of the female wolf bears a Native American man's face to represent the rest of the tribe. Larson adds, "I've grouped the wolves closely to emphasize the necessity of tribal and pack members - male and female - to work together to ensure survival."
In many ways, lone wolves look for love in much the same way that humans do. Finding a suitable mate, getting along well, courting and marrying and ultimately raising a family together are inherent in both species. For the lone male wolf, however, he must leave the protection and companionship of his original pack, sometimes roam long distances and search for a female wolf who has set off on a similar mission. These quests take place during the breeding season, when scent is important and both wolves are compatible and ready to start an active courtship. A pair might also meet quite accidentally, but most often the howling of a lone wolf, which can carry a mile or more, will signal to a potential partner that love is in the air. If that call receives a response, the two wolves locate each other by continuing to howl. Courtship ensues and there is much grinning, kissing and “talking.” If one, or neither, wolf is ready to breed at this point, they will spend days and sometimes several weeks together first, romping, playing, hunting, resting and feeding. They will wander in search of new territory, being careful not to intrude on, or invade, another pack’s territory. Love has blossomed and a new family is born.
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“It took extraordinary courage to ride at full gallop into a thundering herd of buffalo armed with only a bow and arrow,” Judy Larson says with admiration. “Essential to that audacity was the Plains Indian’s trust in his mount. Often, it was not his war horse he used on the hunt, but one trained to negotiate through the unpredictable tangle of the stampede without panic and cut a wounded buffalo from the herd. Any mistake could lead to sudden death. “The Appaloosa was a horse often favored for the hunt. The symbols adorning a steed for the hunt were different from those chosen for war. A Sacred Buffalo or Buffalo Tracks represented thanks to the Great Spirit for success in past hunts. The Sun of Happiness was used to call for blue skies. Hunting during a rain storm was dangerous and considered unfair to the Great Spirit and to the buffalo. The Circle of Vision was painted around the horse's eye for sharp vision and to help locate distant buffalo on the horizon. On the tipi behind, you’ll also see yellow and black stripes which indicated to the Plains Indians buffalo trails.” A hunter’s wife would paint a symbol on the horse that represented her secret prayer to the Great Spirit for her husband on the hunt. If the man was not yet married, his mother would paint that symbol. If the hunt was successful, that symbol would most likely be used again. Judy’s hidden spirit, a buffalo head, symbolizes her hope for this warrior’s safe and victorious hunt. The Buffalo Tipi is the fourth in Judy Larson’s highly popular series that explores the ties between the legends and lifestyle of the Plains Indian. The others include The Elk Dog Tipi, The Horse Tipi and The Crow Tipi. This Limited Edition Fine Art Canvas delivers gallery wrapped for display as a contemporary work of art.
When artist Judy Larson came across the Blackfeet Indian legend of "The Crow Tipi," she was enthralled with the various elements of the story and how they might come together in a painting. In the legend, there was a brave warrior who stole horses and guns for his tribe. The head chief of the tribe became jealous of the warrior’s success and glory and used witchcraft to bring bad luck to the man. Three times the brave man rode out to battle and three times he returned on foot, because his horses had run away. As the warrior lay sleeping after returning home from a raid, he dreamt that a man came to him and said, “You should not have had to walk home alone these nights. I see you have given a share of the meat from a buffalo you killed to my children, the crows. For your kindness I will give you two things: the power to become a chief of your tribe and my own specially painted tipi, 'The Crow Tipi.' Go a little way from here and you will find horses. ”The warrior became chief of the Buffalo Dung band and the Crow Tipi remains in his tribe to this day."
Fifth in the On the Run Series In her On the Run series, artist Judy Larson focuses on animals that either find, or have found, themselves in dire circumstances. The Defiant is inspired by a heartbreaking chapter in history. “The year was 1858, and several companies of soldiers under the leadership of Colonel George Wright were engaged in a punitive military expedition against the Native American tribes, Yakama, Spokane, Palouse and Coeur d’Alene,” explains Judy Larson. “On the morning of September 8, Colonel Wright and his troops spotted a large cloud of dust which revealed the position of 800 Palouse horses. Although a valiant effort was made by the tribes to drive their horses into the mountains, after a fierce skirmish, the majority of the herd was captured. Although it was a crime to kill a horse on the frontier, it was Wright’s job to subdue the tribes’ powerful hold over their land and to demoralize them. It took the better part of two days to shoot, club and kill all the horses and, as the Native Americans watched helplessly from the hills, they could not believe what they saw. Today, along the banks of the Spokane River, a monument marks the site that became known as Horse Slaughter Camp.”
THE FAMILY TREE Judy Larson
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In the 1800s, seeing a grizzly in the mountains above Napa Valley would have been as common as seeing a deer. Then, grizzlies were as numerous in California as they are in Alaska. Vivid accounts of human maulings and bull-and-bear fights mingled legend and fact. The monstrous and ferocious grizzlies of California were described as weighing anywhere from several hundred to several thousand pounds. During the mid-1880s, although big game hunters arrived, along with the cattlemen, sheep men, the grizzly was a predator worthy of extermination. As the wilderness of the Sierras and the coastal thickets diminished in size from the encroachment of civilizations, California grizzlies were killed by the thousands. Sadly, although California’s state emblem is the Great Golden Bear, no wild grizzly has been seen here since 1922. Things are different now. Ancient trees have been cut down and vineyards now grow in there stead. The scream of the hawk once solitary and piercing, was now quickly joined by the crow of someone’s backyard rooster. True, many of the forests of pine and fir, Manzanita and oak remain, overgrown and impenetrable. But there are no deer paths, no deer. So much of the magic is gone.
Loyalty is a passion, a belief, a gift bestowed only upon those who earn it. Few leaders fired the vehemence of loyalty greater than Tatanka Iyotake, the Lakota Chief Sitting Bull.To The People, loyalty was not only a characteristic of man, but also extended to the natural and animal world. In his final years, Sitting Bull proudly rode Circus Horse, a gift from Wild West impresario Wild Bill. Some scoffed at the horse, trained to act and dance in the renowned traveling show but, with the talent of any great leader, Sitting Bull recognized in Circus Horse the fire of a true noble spirit. This was the late 1800s, the time of the Ghost Dance, a ceremony to rid the land of white people and restore the Indians’ way of life.The American government feared that Sitting Bull would join the movement and bring the Lakota with him. Indian police were sent to arrest him, and a battle quickly ensued. At the sound of bullets, Circus Horse began the act he had been trained to do: a dance of pawing the ground and throwing his mane.To the Lakota it was far more. Circus Horse’s great white body remained at Sitting Bull’s side throughout the battle and, after the Chief was struck down, danced for hours more in respect for the fallen man. It is said that Circus Horse was possessed with a spirit, for throughout the entire battle, this imposing target was not struck by a single bullet. Discover the face of loyalty in Judy Larson’s The Gift.
It has been said that in the early mists of dawn they were invisible; in a snowstorm, undetectable; in battle, unseen. Then, like the spirits for which they were named, they inexplicably appeared. Ghost Wind horses carried big medicine. Along with their stealth, they were exceptionally intelligent. They were trained to be fierce combatants, but, like warrior-poets, they were also renowned for their complacent and docile nature. Their value to the tribe was known to be greater than that of any human. Distinguishing each Ghost Wind were two to four, or a handful of dark spots, but only on its left side. "Lightening" or vanishing stripes graced the cheekbones of the face. The skin of the body was silver white, the hair more like fur, and dark "stockings" covered the legs. The direct father/son breeding line traced back to the Northwest's Siletz and Talimook peoples, who bred their horses with Russian (as opposed to Spanish) spotted horses. Quite rare, they did not appear in every generation. Considered to be forever wild, a Ghost Wind was never "owned," but simply watched over by a caretaker or custodian. Still, its training was intense. It could be counted on to continue an attack against a foe, even after its rider had fallen. Yet, directly after battle this forceful warrior would be placed in the care of an eight, or nine, or ten-year-old child. Such was the training and nature of this remarkable horse that, returning directly from the violence of warfare, a small child could handle it. A noble spirit, indeed. The Noble Spirit Series Concealed imagery has long been a hallmark of a Judy Larson composition, a second part to the story she tells in any painting. With "The Ghost Wind," however, both the portrayal, as well as the story, begin and end with the beauty of, and the passion for, the unique horse itself. The Noble Spirit Series will interpret the nature of legendary North American animals without the aid of concealed imagery.
The Misfits is the sixth and final offering in Judy Larson’s On the Run series, which focuses on animals in dire circumstances. “Perhaps by revisiting a few of these incidents in our country’s history, we will not be destined to repeat the events of the past, but will seek to value our wildlife,” says Larson. “The Misfits refers specifically to tragic fate of the many thousands of wild horses in Central and Southern California that once roamed the state where I live,” Larson says. “Several times a year, I travel through the Central Valley of California, where crops are now grown and cattle and sheep graze. Since reading of the thousands of horses that ran free upon that land, I find that I cannot pass through without imagining what a sight they would have made and what an appalling tragedy it was to lose them all in violence. I’d like the viewer to engage with the eyes of The Misfits horses and to remember that there are still wild horses on public lands today that love their lives and freedom every bit as much as those wild horses of yesteryear. The horses in The Misfits represent a few of the survivors, as well as some of the ancestors, of the wild horses of today.”
"Lofty, elegantly formed, active and durable;" described explorer Meriwether Lewis in 1806, "in short, many of them look like fine English coursers." The spotted horses of the Nez Percé were unlike any he and William Clark had ever seen. Named by the Nez Percé after the Palouse River, these wildly colored horses were believed to be gifts from the gods. In 1877, the Nez Percé entered a war with the U.S. government, and the entire tribe with its several thousand carefully bred horses, embarked on a journey that would take them 1,300 miles toward the safe haven of Canada. Only forty miles from the border, the Nez Percé were besieged and outnumbered by the U.S. cavalry. Forced to surrender, Chief Joseph and his captured people were taken far from their homeland. Their exceptional horses, which Chief Joseph referred to as "my children," were deliberately killed by the U.S. cavalry in attempt to thwart any further escape by the Nez Percé, and also to crush the spirit of the Nez Percé by killing their animal companions. The U.S. Government sought to annihilate the tribal horses much as they sought to destroy the buffalo.Only a few horses were lost in the mountains, sold in the east, or hidden away by ranchers. By the beginning of the 20th century, fewer than 300 Appaloosa horses remained. "The Protesters" portrays three prized Nez Percé horses, running for their very lives, in an attempt to evade the three U.S. cavalry soldiers (hidden in their coats) bent on their destruction. These horses represent the spirit of the Nez Percé, which continues to survive against all odds.
Full of mystery and power, the Native Americans of the north understood that the wolf was sacred. They called him “Brother,” and knew in their souls that he was an integral part of the land. Yet the wolf, by its very nature, incites passions for and against it. Today, the gray wolf occupies only 2% of the land he once ranged, and bounties still exist on wolves in some states. In the latest of her “On the Run” series, Judy has us encounter a pack of three wolves that has silently woven its way through a snow-covered forest. As they move towards us, a fourth brother joins them, a spectral ancestor and spirit of the wildness that this noble creature so embodies.
In 1919, the United States Department of Interior ordered the Crow Indians to kill all wild horses on their reservation land, sacred ground that had been leased by the government to cattlemen. No Crow could abide by this order, a demand akin to asking a man to kill his own brother. In 1923, following a final ultimatum, the United States government hired local cowboys, joined later by Texas outfitters, to kill the horses on a bounty basis–four dollars for the tip of a horse’s ear. During the next seven years, the hired guns killed more than 40,000 horses, including the Crow’s personal mounts. By 1930, the great and powerful Crow tribe was bereft of its horses, its culture severely damaged. To the Crow, whose livelihood depended on their prized horses, this tragic event was more devastating than a military defeat.
The Resisters is the third offering in Judy Larson’s “On the Run” series, a selection of images focusing on animals caught in dire circumstances.
Slow Bull was a respected Oglala Sioux subchief who joined his first war party at the age of fourteen. At the age of seventeen he captured one hundred and seventy horses from the Apsaroke. That same year he received medicine from buffalo in a dream as he slept on a hilltop—not fasting or meditating, but resting from hard travel on the warpath. Over the course of his storied lifetime he engaged in fifty-five battles with rival tribes and his distinctive features can be seen in the shoulder of Judy Larson’s bull buffalo. “I personally ‘met’ this bull buffalo in the middle of a thunderstorm, roaming wild with three hundred other buffalo on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation in Montana. Some of the oldest buffalo were nearing thirty-five years of age and most of the old bulls stayed by themselves, but this seasoned veteran had come to join the herd as rutting season began. He was massive and awesome.”
The word freedom is a powerful, emotionally charged word, evoking ideas of independence, free will, opportunity, and inalienable rights. Freedom enables change, learning, understanding, rescue, and salvation. The very nature of the word, "freedom," however, implies that there are those who are not free. The eagle images hidden in artist Judy Larson’s painting, With Freedom For All, symbolize her deep desire for freedom in America, not only for its citizens, but also for its wildlife. The single, proud and wild horse symbolizes the millions of other horses that once roamed our great land. And, the eagle feathers refer specifically to a time when Native Americans lived freely with pride and purpose. Freedom is not yet secured for all. At this very moment, an all out war is being waged against wolves. New legislation has already been signed that opens the door to the slaughter of wild horses and burros. And, tragically, for many Native Americans, they keep their heritage silent. Let there be freedom for all.
The Art of Judy Larson Her primary focus in each of her paintings is the animal, with the horse as a recurring subject.